The authors used a factorial multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to determine whether counselor trainees' group differences on measures of multicultural competence, empathy, and multicultural counseling self-efficacy (CSE) when working with Middle Eastern American (MEA) clients were moderated by trainee race. Two hundred and fifty-six…

Eight non-Native counselors who temporarily relocated to the Native Canadian community of Nunavut were interviewed upon their return about experiences working with Inuit clients that challenged their professional training. Analysis of the counselors' narratives suggested that they used a social constructivism approach to manage confidentiality,…

Describes one approach to helping counselors-in-training increase their understanding of the differences in backgrounds, values, and life-styles of minorities. (Author/BL)

The author, a Caucasian doctoral student of clinical psychology, examined her ongoing interaction with Elaine, an adult woman of African and Native American descent. Incidents of learning during the interaction process are reviewed and qualitative and quantitative assessments are provided to examine the effectiveness of such interactions in a…

This article outlines the contributions of multicultural counseling to 3 areas of counselor competence with lesbian, gay male, and bisexual male and female (LGB) clients: conceptualization of competence, counselor education, and assessment of counselor competence. The authors describe the foundations of multicultural counseling and extend the…

Whereas multicultural advances in the area of gay, lesbian, and bisexual issues have been made for increased knowledge and awareness, little development has been made regarding counselor skill building. This article outlines a model of training using role-playing to enhance counselor skill when working with gay male, lesbian, and bisexual male and…

Clinical psychology trainees attain multicultural competence not only by reading the relevant literature but also by working directly with multiculturally diverse clients. This article is an examination of this type of interaction that occurred between the author (a doctoral clinical psychology trainee) and a Latina.

This article describes a training design to help counselor trainees perceive the positive and negative messages in a client's internal dialog. Twenty graduate counselors-in-training produced 2 10-minute interviews with simultaneous feedback from an anticounselor (gives explicit negative messages) and a procounselor (gives explicit positive…

Discusses the importance of counselors considering the intersection of multiple cultural identities in working with clients. The article serves as an introduction to the special issue, Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Social Class in Counseling, of the "Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development." (Contains 28 references.) (GCP)

Reviews four training strategies for applying socioidentity analysis to multicultural counseling; the Clarification Group (C Group); the Personal Dimensions of Difference Self-Inventory (PDD); the Multifactor Needs Assessment; and the Cultural Grid. Each highlights a slightly different aspect of the complex matrix of relationships that define the…