Discourse represents the languages, ideas, and images that together shape one's understanding of the world. In counseling, discourse determines clinical practice. The authors posit that dominant discourse in counseling promotes an intrapsychic status quo that discounts the relationship between individuals and their environment, which often leads…

An immersion training model is described that incorporates culturally focused community-centered service in South Africa as an experiential learning approach. Recommendations for developing international cultural immersion training with a goal of developing cultural competencies are suggested.

Contends it is essential for White counselor trainees to explore their White identity and how racism is demonstrated in their personal and professional lives. Proposes a stage model as a diagnostic tool for assessing where one is in White identity development and where one has yet to go in combating racist behavior. (ABL)

In this article, a component of the Racial-Cultural Counseling Competence model is described. The Racial-Cultural Counseling Laboratory is presented to provide readers with an understanding of the cognitive, behavioral, and affective integrative approach to racial-cultural competence training. (Contains 14 references.) (Author)

This article describes a training design to help counselor trainees perceive the positive and negative messages in a client's internal dialog. Twenty graduate counselors-in-training produced 2 10-minute interviews with simultaneous feedback from an anticounselor (gives explicit negative messages) and a procounselor (gives explicit positive…

Describes a model that addresses the complexity of multicultural competence. Enhances previous models by integrating personal, professional, and institutional context as critical elements in multicultural competence. Resulting framework integrates self-assessment and strategic planning to assist counselors, psychologists, and educators in a more…

Discusses the need for cultural characteristics to be addressed in supervision as a way of dealing with both opportunities and obstacles that may exist. The VISION model of cultural responsiveness is described as a practical means of supervisors exploring multicultural issues in the supervisory relationship. (Contains 43 references.) (Author/GCP)

Feminist teaching is suggested as a promising pedagogy for the development of counselors' multicultural understanding. The ways in which feminist teaching principles and practices are useful in multicultural counseling training, as well as challenges to the implementation of feminist teaching are examined.

The authors present core ideas or constructs that might be integral to a feminist and multicultural model of consultation. According to the model, the structure of consultation is (a) nonhierarchical and (b) an open triad (incorporating extrapersonal and outside factors). The process of consultation is (c) culturally responsive and (d) empowering.…

Reviews key issues related to racial minorities working as consultants and provides an analysis of possible impediments to successful consultation. Gives examples of how majority consultants can provide support for this underrepresented group in the field. Details a sample consultation model and discusses implications for counselors. (RJM)

Describes a structural family-therapy (SFT) approach combined with the paradigm of acculturation to increase counselors' sensitivity to immigrant families whose members arrive at different times. The focus is on those families in which parents have preceded children in the immigration experience. Provides culturally sensitive counseling strategies…

Outlines Hardin L. K. Coleman's model of six strategies that individuals use to cope with cultural diversity. Suggests that conflict in multicultural counseling relationships is often the result of divergence in the strategies used by counselors and clients to cope with cultural diversity. Suggests two ways of resolving such conflicts. (RJM)

Describes communication process in counseling as an intervention for client change, in and of itself, and not just the medium by which a counselor applies his or her specific counseling approaches. Provides a culturally embedded model of communication to illustrate how effective communication alters the framework and depths of understanding of…

Discusses the literature on the drinking practices of Mexican Americans from the perspectives of three acculturation models: linear acculturation, acculturative stress, and marginality stress. Presents within-gender comparisons of Mexican and U.S. drinking patterns, looks at acculturation and alcohol use among Mexican-American women and men…

Discusses stage model describing racial identity and consciousness development process among majority (i.e., Euro-Anglo White) counselor trainees esconced in a multicultural learning environment. Proposes four-stage developmental model wherein trainees come to acknowledge and accept their own racial identity and that of minorities. (BH)