The authors translated the California Brief Multicultural Competence Scale (CBMCS; Gamst et al., 2004), a measure of multicultural competence, into Korean for cross-cultural validation. An exploratory factor analysis followed by a confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of Korean counselors (N = 365) supported a 3-factor model: Multicultural…

Reviews cross cultural counseling research according to given categories of dependent variables: client use, client preference; counselor prejudice; differential diagnosis; differential process; differential treatment; and differential outcome. Research outcomes are examined across ethnic groups, research designs, and research settings. (BL)

Reports on the importance of cross-cultural contact in the development of multicultural counseling competencies (MCCs). Results reveal that the greater the prior cross-cultural life experience, the higher were students' MCCs measured at the beginning of a multicultural counseling course. MCCs measured at the end of the course were significantly…

Defines existentialism, culture, and cross-cultural counseling and explains how various existential concepts can serve as guidelines for cross-cultural counseling. Advocates finding approach to help counselors and counselor trainees understand how their own cultural identities affect their ability to help culturally different clients. (NB)

Describes aspects of Afrocentricity, outlining African-American values, beliefs, and cultural characteristics. Contrasts Afrocentric and Eurocentric worldviews, attempts to increase awareness of cultural bias in counseling and testing, and establishes parameters to enable white counselors to work more effectively with black clients. Reviews career…

The authors conducted an analog study to investigate the difference between culturally responsive and culturally neutral counselors. Sixty Asian international students were interviewed by six counselors. Students in the culturally responsive condition rated their counselors as significantly more expert, attractive, and trustworthy than those in…

Examined preferences of 242 American Indian secondary school students for counselor age, sex, educational level, attitudes and values, personality, and ethnicity, across personal and academic problem types, and through assessment of cultural involvement. Found primary preference for talking with American Indian counselor, although this was true…

Examined effects of neurolinguistic mirroring versus nonmirroring of selected nonverbal behaviors on empathy, trustworthiness, and positive interaction in cross-cultural setting among 60 Choctaw adolescents and Caucasian female counselors. Results indicated significant mirroring effects on the empathy scale of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship…

In this study, Mexican American undergraduates (N=65) completed a battery of tests about counseling services, including the Expectations About Counseling-Brief Form B (EAC-B) and the Marlowe-Crown Social Desirability Scale-From XX. Analysis determined that significant counselor ethnicity and participant gender main and interaction effects on the…

Examined relationships among client's race, the type of problem for which a client is seeking counseling, and the client's preference for counselor characteristics. Results indicated that the patterns of preferences for counselor race did not seem to differ between black and white participants on the basis of type of client concern. (Author/ABB)

Explores discussions of cultural variables in supervision and their influence on supervisory satisfaction and working alliance. Results indicate limited discussions occurred, but when these discussions did occur, supervisees reported enhanced supervisory working alliance and increased satisfaction with supervisor. Highlights importance of…

Black adults (n=53) using services at Afro-American Community Center read bogus resumes and letters of application and completed the Cultural Mistrust Inventory, the Counselor Effectiveness Rating Scale, and the Self-Disclosure Scale with regard to a White counselor. Found a direct relationship between mistrust of Whites in general and perceptions…

Explored effects of Native-American undergraduate students' (N=84) cultural commitment on preference for ethnically similar counselors. Found degree of cultural commitment significantly affected preferences for counselor ethnicity as well as expectations about counseling, in that subjects reporting strong commitments to culture expected more…

Study examines the effects of Hispanic counselors' race and speech accent on Asian American and African American students' initial perceptions. Results show that students' gender, race, and level of "universal-diverse" orientation, along with counselors' speech accent, predicted students' initial perceptions of the counselors and of the…

Asian American undergraduates received career counseling from European American female counselors using either a collectivist or an individualist orientation. Counselors using the collectivist approach were perceived as more cross-culturally competent but equally credible as counselors using the individualist approach. Implications for culturally…