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Peer reviewedSkutnabb-Kangas, Tove – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1984
Examines three Nordic bilingual programs: (1) immersion, where majority children with a high status mother tongue learn a second language; (2) submersion, where minority children with a low status mother tongue are forced to learn the majority language; and (3) language shelter, where minority children learn the majority language as a second…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Bilingualism, Finnish, Immersion Programs
Peer reviewedArnberg, Lenore – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1984
To raise a child bilingually, parents may need assistance with increased second language input from outside the home. One way to do this is through the use of mother tongue playgroups for young children. (SL)
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Child Language, English, Ethnic Groups
