Culturally competent teachers are in high demand as the English learner (EL), culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) student population increases in the U.S. However, the teaching force continues to be predominantly female, White, and monolingual, inexperienced in dealing with diverse populations. Typically, teacher preparation to teach ELs…

The present study argues that the speech behaviour of swearing in bilingual speakers is more complex and nuanced than it has been previously assumed. Second language users acquire swearwords as an unconscious ingroup social strategy or as a mechanism for second language identity construction. Swearing is a complex sociolinguistic practice and is…