Advising has been identified as a strategy that influences the retention and graduation of many underrepresented populations in higher education including, students of color and women. For Black women, multiple identities, including race and gender, intersect in ways that need acknowledgement during the socialization process. Given the growing…

Presents findings on relationships between Black children's self-perceptions, their achievement, and teacher's perceptions. Reports that factors influencing Black student achievement are not as singular or as insular as previous research has suggested. (KH)

Argues that the traditional black church appears latently able and well-placed to complement the effort of the black family to prepare its young children to be black and proud in a white-dominated society. (Author/JM)

Examines how African-American youngsters maintain their self-esteem in spite of some dissonant signals from their environment. By looking at several dimensions of self-esteem simultaneously, attempts to identify weaker links in Black youth self-efficacy. Follows the development of these dimensions relative to age, gender, and academic history. (AF)

Describes three models of ethnic identity development, with particular focus on their significance for understanding the socialization and self-concepts of Black children. Considers implications for educational reform and suggests the models provide useful frameworks for making better decisions about when educators should introduce materials about…