Statistical significance is not a sufficient condition for claiming a hypothesis has been supported. Constructive replications are more important. Statistically significant results may be meaningless while a sequence of nonsignificant results may be quite important. Gives advice on how to overcome some limitations of classifical statistical…

Reviewed task-related differences in physiological arousal between Type A and Type B persons and found that differences are less consistent and of a smaller magnitude than what is usually assumed. Furthermore, the median difference in systolic blood pressure between Type A and Type B persons working on tasks was small. (Author/JAC)

Reviews the utility of the "bogus pipeline" attitude measurement technique. The present conceptual replication failed entirely to produce the Cherry (1976) finding, showing a tendency for responsiveness to demand characteristics only among subjects responding via "paper and pencil." This finding is consistent with the…

Examined the utility of the aggregation method as a measure of behavioral consistency in 26 studies involving computer-generated, repeated-measurement data. Concluded that aggregation produces spuriously high estimates of behavioral consistency. The Spearman-Brown prophecy formula and coefficient alpha accurately predict the results of the…

Two studies examined the effects of dispositional self-consciousness on reactance. Men who were high in private self-consciousness displayed greater reactance responses to a coercive communication attempt. Women high in private self-consciousness exhibited greater reactance responses to a self-imposed threat to their freedom of choice. (Author)

Discusses psychophysiological methods in relationship to personality research. The paper is organized in four sections: (l) advantages inherent in the use of psychophysiological measures; (2) psychophysiological constructs particularly well suited to personality research; (3) how to choose a set of psychophysiological measures; and (4) whether or…

Tested Anglo American and Mexican American children for how competitiveness is related to achievement, cooperativeness is related to affiliation, and the cultural differences in cooperation-competition are related to those in affiliation and achievement. Results indicate that large cultural differences in cooperation-competition are not explained…

Examined various kinds of sending-receiving relationships. Males (N=10) and females (N=10) served as both senders and receivers of nonverbal expressions. Females were found to be significantly better receivers but not significantly better senders than males. (Author/RC)