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Delgado, Cesar; Lucero, Margaret M. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2015
Graphing is a fundamental part of the scientific process. Scales are key but little-studied components of graphs. Adopting a resources-based framework of cognitive structure, we identify the potential intuitive resources that six undergraduates of diverse majors and years at a public US research university activated when constructing scales, and…
Descriptors: Graphs, Scaling, Undergraduate Students, Majors (Students)
Opfer, John E.; Nehm, Ross H.; Ha, Minsu – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2012
To improve assessments of academic achievement, test developers have been urged to use an "assessment triangle" that starts with research-based models of cognition and learning [NRC (2001) "Knowing what students know: The science and design of educational assessment." Washington, DC: National Academy Press]. This approach has been successful in…
Descriptors: Science Tests, Evolution, Biology, Test Construction
Lopez, Enrique J.; Shavelson, Richard J.; Nandagopal, Kiruthiga; Szu, Evan; Penn, John – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2014
Chemistry courses remain a challenge for many undergraduate students. In particular, first-semester organic chemistry has been labeled as a gatekeeper with high attrition rates, especially among students of color. Our study examines a key factor related to conceptual understanding in science and predictive of course outcomes-knowledge structures.…
Descriptors: College Freshmen, Introductory Courses, College Science, Organic Chemistry
Stains, Marilyne; Talanquer, Vicente – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2008
In this study we explore the strategies that undergraduate and graduate chemistry students use when engaged in classification tasks involving symbolic and microscopic (particulate) representations of different chemical reactions. We were specifically interested in characterizing the basic features to which students pay attention when classifying…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Graduate Students, Chemistry, Classification
von Aufschnaiter, Claudia; von Aufschnaiter, Stefan – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2003
In the literature, learners' cognitive development is mainly discussed with respect to changes in learners' content-dependent knowledge (conceptual change or growth). Additional dimensions of time and complexity may also be taken into account to describe cognitive processes in at least three dimensions. We discuss these three dimensions of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Advanced Students, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures