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Peer reviewedHogan, Kathleen; Maglienti, Mark – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2001
Examines the criteria that middle school students, nonscientist adults, technicians, and scientists used to rate the validity of conclusions drawn by hypothetical students from a set of evidence. The sources of the groups' differing epistemic criteria rest in their different spheres of cultural practice. Explores implications of this perspective…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Adults, Cultural Influences, Grade 8
Peer reviewedTobin, Kenneth G.; Capie, William – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1982
Twelve pupils from each of 13 middle school science classes participated in this study. Findings, among others, indicate that two of nine engagement measures (attending and generalizing), together with formal reasoning ability, were related to process skill, achievement, and retention. (JN)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Elementary School Science, Elementary Secondary Education, Grade 6
