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Kling, Rob; Crawford, Holly – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1999
Traditional themes of information science must be expanded to accommodate systematic understandings of ways to design effective documentary systems and anticipate their social consequences. The field of social informatics offers important concepts, theories, and methods that give this kind of inquiry a sound scientific basis. Social informatics…
Descriptors: Computer System Design, Information Retrieval, Information Science, Information Systems

Cheng, Kwok-Shing; Young, Gilbert H.; Wong, Kam-Fai – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1999
Experimental results show that a word-based arithmetic-coding scheme, a fractional-bit compression algorithm which is known to be time consuming, can achieve a higher compression performance for Chinese text. This article examines how to cascade the word-segmentation model with a faster alternative, the integral-bit compression algorithm.…
Descriptors: Chinese, Computer System Design, Electronic Text, Information Processing

Wu, Xindong – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1998
Presents a heuristic, attribute-based, noise-tolerant data mining program, HCV (Version 2.0) based on the newly-developed extension matrix approach. Outlines some techniques implemented in the HCV program for noise handling and discretization of continuous domains; an empirical comparison shows that rules generated by HCV are more compact than the…
Descriptors: Algorithms, Computer System Design, Information Retrieval, Information Systems

Clement, Andrew; Halonen, Chris – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1998
This case study, of an application to facilitate dispatch work in a large organization, describes a history of collaboration and conflict between information systems professionals and end users as system designers. A Social Construction of Technology approach is used to examine the mixture of cooperation and conflict between the departments.…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Computer System Design, Conflict, Cooperation

Buckland, Michael K.; Florian, Doris – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1991
Examines the relationship between users' expertise, task complexity of information system use, and artificial intelligence to provide the basis for a conceptual framework for considering the role that artificial intelligence might play in information systems. Cognitive and conceptual models are discussed, and cost effectiveness is considered. (27…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Computer System Design, Cost Effectiveness, Difficulty Level

Abu-Salem, Hani; Al-Omari, Mahmoud; Evens, Martha W. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1999
Investigates how to improve the performance of an Arabic Information Retrieval System (Arabic-IRS) by imposing the retrieval method, Mixed Stemming, over individual words of a query depending on the importance of the word, the stem or the root of the query terms in the database. This method computes term importance using a Term Frequency and…
Descriptors: Arabic, Computer System Design, Databases, Indexes

Grossman, David A.; Frieder, Ophir; Holmes, David O.; Roberts, David C. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1997
Integrates structured data and text using the unchanged, standard relational model. The performance of a parallel relational database system and the effect of query reduction on accuracy were tested, and it was found that queries can be reduced prior to their implementation without incurring significant loss in precision/recall. (AEF)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Computer System Design, Data Analysis, Databases

Hill, Linda L.; Janee, Greg; Dolin, Ron; Frew, James; Larsgaard, Mary – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1999
Defines digital library collections and outlines two classes of collection metadata. Describes the Alexandria Digital Library (ADL) Project approach to collection metadata, including the ADL system architecture and collection guidelines and the format and use of the ADL collection metadata. Appendices include ADL collection metadata and example.…
Descriptors: Computer Interfaces, Computer System Design, Electronic Libraries, Information Management

Dervin, Brenda – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1994
Examines the relationship between information and democracy through a framework of six stereotyped assumptions regarding ontology and epistemology, i.e., dogma, naturalism, cultural relativity, constructivism, postmodernism, and communitarianism. Implications for the design and implementation of information systems are discussed. (Contains 93…
Descriptors: Chaos Theory, Computer System Design, Constructivism (Learning), Democracy

Crabtree, Andy; Nichols, David M.; O'Brien, Jon; Rouncefield, Mark; Twidale, Michael B. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 2000
Describes Ethnomethodologically informed ethnography (EM) as a methodology for information science research, illustrating the approach with the results of a study in a university library. Topics include differences between the practical orientation of EM and theoretical orientation of other ethnographic approaches; systems design; and…
Descriptors: Academic Libraries, Computer System Design, Ethnography, Higher Education

Conlon, John R.; Conlon, Sumali J. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1998
Uses a simple model of an information retrieval (IR) technology to examine performance measures for IR systems. Shows that, if a user is employing a system optimally, then reasonable performance measures will tend to be relatively robust, or insensitive, to small variations in assumptions about the user's behavior. (AEF)
Descriptors: Computer System Design, Information Retrieval, Information Seeking, Information Systems

Marty, Paul F. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1999
Examines the sociotechnological impact of introducing advanced information technology into the Spurlock Museum, a museum of world history and culture at the University of Illinois. Addresses implementation of such methodologies as computer-supported cooperative work and computer-mediated communication in the museum environment. Emphasizes the…
Descriptors: Computer Mediated Communication, Computer System Design, Cooperative Programs, Higher Education

Girill, T. R.; And Others – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1991
Describes enhancements made to a hypertext information retrieval system at the National Energy Research Supercomputer Center (NERSC) called DFT (Document, Find, and Theseus). The enrichment of DFT's entry vocabulary is described, DFT and other hypertext systems are compared, and problems that occur due to the need for frequent updates are…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Computer Software, Computer System Design, Hypermedia

Savage-Knepshield, Pamela A.; Belkin, Nicholas J. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1999
Presents an overview of the ways in which user/system interaction in interactive information-retrieval (IR) systems has been treated in IR research and practice over the years. Describes the characteristics of a number of IR systems, as well as proposals for IR systems, in light of challenges set for by John Bennett in 1971. Contains 82…
Descriptors: Computer System Design, History, Information Retrieval, Information Seeking

Latta, Gail F.; Swigger, Keith – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1992
Discusses the application of theories of cognitive modeling to information systems design and describes research that investigated the validity of the repertory grid for incorporation into intelligent front-end interfaces for information storage and retrieval systems. Personal construct theory is discussed and future research is suggested. (67…
Descriptors: Cluster Analysis, Computer System Design, Correlation, Databases
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