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Direct linkToth, Paul D.; Gil-Berrio, Yohana – Language Learning, 2022
This study examines learner deliberations over their discursive plans during second language (L2) instructional tasks, which we call "intersubjectivity negotiation episodes" (INEs). We argue that these provide essential contexts for negotiations over L2 form-meaning mappings, known as "language related episodes" (LREs). Our…
Descriptors: Peer Relationship, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Spanish
Toth, Paul D. – Language Learning, 2008
This study compares quantitative and qualitative results for task-based second language (L2) grammar instruction conducted as whole-class, teacher-led discourse (TLD) versus small-group, learner-led discourse (LLD). Participants included 78 English-speaking adults from six university classes of beginning L2 Spanish, with two assigned to each…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Grammar, English, Native Speakers
Toth, Paul D. – Language Learning, 2006
This study addresses the role of output in second language (L2) acquisition by comparing processing instruction (PI) to communicative output (CO) tasks. Participants included 80 English-speaking adults from six university course sections of beginning L2 Spanish, with two assigned to each treatment (PI = 27; CO = 28) and two others comprising a…
Descriptors: Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning, Introductory Courses, Spanish
