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Walker, Neil; Monaghan, Padraic; Schoetensack, Christine; Rebuschat, Patrick – Language Learning, 2020
Learning language requires acquiring the grammatical categories of words in the language, but learning those categories requires understanding the role of words in the syntax. In this study, we examined how this chicken and egg problem is resolved by learners of an artificial language comprising nouns, verbs, adjectives, and case markers following…
Descriptors: Syntax, Grammar, Vocabulary Development, Nouns
Hui Sun; Kazuya Saito; Jean-Marc Dewaele – Language Learning, 2024
This study longitudinally examined the effects of cognitive and sociopsychological individual differences (aptitude, motivation, personality) and the quantity and quality of second language (L2) experience on L2 speech gains in naturalistic settings. We elicited L2 spontaneous speech from 50 Chinese learners of English at the beginning and the end…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Speech Communication, Individual Differences
Riches, Nick; Jackson, Laura – Language Learning, 2018
Syntactic abilities vary across individuals. Weak syntax is typically ascribed to limited competence (knowledge) or poor performance (processing). However, with many questioning this dichotomy, alternative explanations should be considered. Arguments related to language exposure are insufficient because language-impaired children often have good…
Descriptors: Syntax, Language Impairments, Language Processing, Individual Differences
Hulstijn, Jan H. – Language Learning, 2019
This article proposes basic (shared) and extended (nonshared) language cognition in native speakers as a function of two types of extralinguistic attributes: (a) degree of being multilingual and (b) variables related to amount and type of literacy experiences (e.g., level of education). This approach may throw new light on the question of whether…
Descriptors: Native Speakers, Comparative Analysis, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency
Pienemann, Manfred – Language Learning, 2015
In this article I make the point that there has been a continuous focus on second language development in second language acquisition research for over 40 years and that there is clear empirical evidence for generalizable developmental patterns. I will both summarize some of the core assumptions of Processability Theory (PT) as an approach to…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Linguistic Theory, Second Language Learning, Learning Processes
Lenzing, Anke – Language Learning, 2015
This article focuses on a theoretical and empirical exploration of developmental trajectories and individual learner variation in second language (L2) acquisition. Taking a processability perspective, I view learner language as a dynamic system that includes predictable universal developmental trajectories as well as individual learner variation,…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Second Language Learning, German, English (Second Language)
Gánem-Gutiérrez, Gabriela Adela; Gilmore, Alexander – Language Learning, 2018
The current study focused on emergent processes during real-time second language (L2) writing activity in an English as a foreign language university context, examining differences in these processes across individual capacities. Participants included 22 adult Japanese learners of L2 English and their tutor. The data were collected using digital…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Writing (Composition), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Lowie, Wander; Verspoor, Marjolijn – Language Learning, 2015
The traditional morpheme order studies in second language acquisition have tried to demonstrate the existence of a fixed order of acquisition of English morphemes, regardless of the second language learner's background. Such orders have been taken as evidence of the preprogrammed nature of language acquisition. This article argues for a…
Descriptors: Morphemes, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Processing
Granena, Gisela – Language Learning, 2013
Language aptitude has been hypothesized as a factor that can compensate for postcritical period effects in language learning capacity. However, previous research has primarily focused on instructed contexts and rarely on acquisition-rich learning environments where there is a potential for massive amounts of input. In addition, the studies…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Second Language Learning, Morphology (Languages), Syntax
Roberts, Leah – Language Learning, 2012
As is the case in traditional second language (L2) acquisition research, a major question in the field of L2 real-time sentence processing is the extent to which L2 learners process the input like native speakers. Where differences are observed, the underlying causes could be the influence of the learner's first language and/or differences…
Descriptors: Sentences, Second Language Learning, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory
Andringa, Sible; Olsthoorn, Nomi; van Beuningen, Catherine; Schoonen, Rob; Hulstijn, Jan – Language Learning, 2012
The goal of this study was to explain individual differences in both native and non-native listening comprehension; 121 native and 113 non-native speakers of Dutch were tested on various linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive skills thought to underlie listening comprehension. Structural equation modeling was used to identify the predictors of…
Descriptors: Listening Comprehension, Structural Equation Models, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory
Sebastian-Galles, Nuria; Diaz, Begona – Language Learning, 2012
In the process of language learning, individuals must acquire different types of linguistic knowledge, such as the sounds of the language (phonemes), how these may be combined to form words (phonotactics), and morphological rules. Early and late bilinguals tend to perform like natives on second language phonological tasks that involve pre-lexical…
Descriptors: Evidence, Phonemes, Phonology, Second Language Learning
Green, David W.; Crinion, Jenny; Price, Cathy J. – Language Learning, 2006
Understanding the neural representation and control of language in normal bilingual speakers provides insights into the factors that constrain the acquisition of another language, insights into the nature of language expertise, and an understanding of the brain as an adaptive system. We illustrate both functional and structural brain changes…
Descriptors: Neurological Impairments, Bilingualism, Language Acquisition, Brain