This article calls attention to a facet of the expertise of second language (L2) learners of Japanese at the intersection of language, memory, gesture, and the psycholinguistics of a logographic writing system. Previous research has shown that adult L2 learners of Japanese living in Japan (similarly to native speakers of Japanese) often…

This article reports the results of an experiment designed to investigate the effectiveness of pinyin (a phonic transcription system) in learning vocabulary of Chinese as a second language from the perspective of cognitive load theory. In the reported experiment, the learning effects of the vertical and horizontal layouts of characters, pinyin,…

Investigated effects of first language (L1) orthographic features on second language (L2) reading. Three groups of fluent (L2) readers with different L1 backgrounds were given English passages printed in either alternated case or a normal manner and asked to read them for comprehension. Results suggest that because of L1 effects on basic…