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Direct linkPawlak, Miroslaw; Mystkowska-Wiertelak, Anna; Bielak, Jakub – Language Teaching Research, 2016
Recent years have witnessed a shift in empirical investigations of language learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) from quantitative studies examining the ways in which WTC antecedents co-act and contribute to communication, treating the concept as a stable characteristic, to a mixed-methods approach that allows the examination of stable…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Classroom Environment, Questionnaires, Self Evaluation (Individuals)
Ballinger, Susan; Lyster, Roy – Language Teaching Research, 2011
This study examines the Spanish use of students and teachers at a US two-way immersion school. Students and teachers from Grades 1, 3, and 8 (5-6-year-olds, 7-8-years-olds, and 12-13-year-olds, respectively) were observed and interviewed, and students completed questionnaires to determine what factors influenced their language of choice and their…
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Oral Language, Language of Instruction, Questionnaires
