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Complementing Human Judgment of Essays Written by English Language Learners with E-Rater[R] Scoring
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Enright, Mary K.; Quinlan, Thomas – Language Testing, 2010
E-rater[R] is an automated essay scoring system that uses natural language processing techniques to extract features from essays and to model statistically human holistic ratings. Educational Testing Service has investigated the use of e-rater, in conjunction with human ratings, to score one of the two writing tasks on the TOEFL-iBT[R] writing…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Scoring, Essays, Language Processing
The Promise of NLP and Speech Processing Technologies in Language Assessment
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Chapelle, Carol A.; Chung, Yoo-Ree – Language Testing, 2010
Advances in natural language processing (NLP) and automatic speech recognition and processing technologies offer new opportunities for language testing. Despite their potential uses on a range of language test item types, relatively little work has been done in this area, and it is therefore not well understood by test developers, researchers or…
Descriptors: Test Items, Computational Linguistics, Testing, Language Tests