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Not Quite There: Skill Consolidation in Training by Doing or Observing
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Hesseg, Rinatia Maaravi; Gal, Carmit; Karni, Avi – Learning & Memory, 2016
We tested the notion that action observation engages learning processes and mnemonic representations overlapping with those engaged in actual performance. An identical number of training instances, actual performance, or observation, was afforded on a finger opposition sequence task. Both training modes resulted in immediate gains in performance,…
Descriptors: Observation, Learning Processes, Mnemonics, Training
Insufficient Chunk Concatenation May Underlie Changes in Sleep-Dependent Consolidation of Motor Sequence Learning in Older Adults
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Bottary, Ryan; Sonni, Akshata; Wright, David; Spencer, Rebecca M. C. – Learning & Memory, 2016
Sleep enhances motor sequence learning (MSL) in young adults by concatenating subsequences ("chunks") formed during skill acquisition. To examine whether this process is reduced in aging, we assessed performance changes on the MSL task following overnight sleep or daytime wake in healthy young and older adults. Young adult performance…
Descriptors: Sleep, Older Adults, Aging (Individuals), Young Adults
Acute Stressor Effects on Goal-Directed Action in Rats
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Braun, Stephanie; Hauber, Wolfgang – Learning & Memory, 2013
Here we examined effects of acute stressors that involve either systemic coadministration of corticosterone/yohimbine (3 mg/kg each) to increase glucocorticoid/noradrenaline activity (denoted as "pharmacological" stressor) or one or several distinct restraint stressors (denoted as "single" vs. "multiple" stressor) on…
Descriptors: Animals, Stress Variables, Performance, Learning Processes
Immediate Extinction Causes a Less Durable Loss of Performance than Delayed Extinction following Either Fear or Appetitive Conditioning
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Woods, Amanda M.; Bouton, Mark E. – Learning & Memory, 2008
Five experiments with rat subjects compared the effects of immediate and delayed extinction on the durability of extinction learning. Three experiments examined extinction of fear conditioning (using the conditioned emotional response method), and two experiments examined extinction of appetitive conditioning (using the food-cup entry method). In…
Descriptors: Emotional Response, Testing, Conditioning, Fear
Acute Exposure to Stress Improves Performance in Trace Eyeblink Conditioning and Spatial Learning Tasks in Healthy Men
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Duncko, Roman; Cornwell, Brian; Cui, Lihong; Merikangas, Kathleen R.; Grillon, Christian – Learning & Memory, 2007
The present study investigated the effects of acute stress exposure on learning performance in humans using analogs of two paradigms frequently used in animals. Healthy male participants were exposed to the cold pressor test (CPT) procedure, i.e., insertion of the dominant hand into ice water for 60 sec. Following the CPT or the control procedure,…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Conditioning, Control Groups, Stress Variables
The Influence of Visual Ability on Learning and Memory Performance in 13 Strains of Mice
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Brown, Richard E.; Wong, Aimee A. – Learning & Memory, 2007
We calculated visual ability in 13 strains of mice (129SI/Sv1mJ, A/J, AKR/J, BALB/cByJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, CAST/EiJ, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, MOLF/EiJ, SJL/J, SM/J, and SPRET/EiJ) on visual detection, pattern discrimination, and visual acuity and tested these and other mice of the same strains in a behavioral test battery that evaluated visuo-spatial…
Descriptors: Memory, Visual Acuity, Memorization, Animals
Cerebellar Norepinephrine Modulates Learning of Delay Classical Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Post-Synaptic Signaling via PKA
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Fister, Mathew; Bickford, Paula C.; Cartford, M. Claire; Samec, Amy – Learning & Memory, 2004
The neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) has been shown to modulate cerebellar-dependent learning and memory. Lesions of the nucleus locus coeruleus or systemic blockade of noradrenergic receptors has been shown to delay the acquisition of several cerebellar-dependent learning tasks. To date, no studies have shown a direct involvement of…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Classical Conditioning, Learning Processes, Biochemistry