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Meulders, Ann; Vervliet, Bram; Vansteenwegen, Debora; Hermans, Dirk; Baeyens, Frank – Learning and Motivation, 2011
Unpredictability of an unconditioned stimulus (US) typically produces context conditioning in animals and humans. We modified the Martians task--a computer game measuring learning of Pavlovian associations through conditioned suppression--for assessing context conditioning in humans. One between-subjects and one within-subjects study are reported.…
Descriptors: Animals, Stimuli, Classical Conditioning, Games
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Lombas, Andres S.; Kearns, David N.; Weiss, Stanley J. – Learning and Motivation, 2008
The present experiment compared the effects of a food-based conditioned inhibitor on food seeking vs. cocaine seeking behavior. In two groups of rats, the A+/AB- Pavlovian conditioned inhibition procedure was used to create a conditioned inhibitor for food. Then, for one group of rats (Food-Food Group), a click stimulus was established as an…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Cocaine, Classical Conditioning, Animals
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Blechert, Jens; Michael, Tanja; Williams, S. Lloyd; Purkis, Helena M.; Wilhelm, Frank H. – Learning and Motivation, 2008
Contemporary theories of Pavlovian conditioning propose a distinction between signal learning (SL), in which a conditioned stimulus (CS) becomes a predictor for a biologically significant unconditioned stimulus (US), and evaluative learning (EL), in which the valence of the US is transferred to the CS. This distinction is based largely on the…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Classical Conditioning, Psychophysiology, Fear
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Capaldi, E. J.; Martins, Ana; Miller, Ronald M. – Learning and Motivation, 2007
Rats in a Pavlovian situation were trained under three different reward schedules, at either a 30 s or a 90 s intertrial interval (ITI): Consistent reward (C), 50% irregular reward (I), and single alternation of reward and nonrewarded trials (SA). Activity was recorded to the conditioned stimulus (CS) and in all 10 s bins in each ITI except the…
Descriptors: Rewards, Intervals, Cues, Classical Conditioning
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Garcia-Retamero, Rocio; Hoffrage, Ulrich; Dieckmann, Anja; Ramos, Manuel – Learning and Motivation, 2007
Three experiments investigated whether participants used Take The Best (TTB) Configural, a fast and frugal heuristic that processes configurations of cues when making inferences concerning which of two alternatives has a higher criterion value. Participants were presented with a compound cue that was nonlinearly separable from its elements. The…
Descriptors: Inferences, Cues, Causal Models, Heuristics
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Melchers, Klaus G.; Lachnit, Harold; Shanks, David R. – Learning and Motivation, 2004
In two human skin conductance conditioning experiments we investigated whether processing of stimulus compounds can be influenced by past experience. Participants were either pre-trained with a discrimination problem that could be solved elementally (A+, B-, AB+, C- in Experiment 1 and A+, AB+, C-, CB- in Experiment 2) or one that required a…
Descriptors: Experiential Learning, Stimulation, Classical Conditioning, Learning Processes