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Effting, Marieke; Vervliet, Bram; Kindt, Merel – Learning and Motivation, 2010
Using a conditioned suppression task, two experiments examined retrospective revaluation effects after serial compound training in a release from overshadowing design. In Experiment 1, serial X [right arrow] A+ training produced suppression to target A, which was enhanced when preceded by feature X, whereas X by itself elicited no suppression.…
Descriptors: Experiments, Task Analysis, Evaluation Methods, Cues
Leon, Samuel P.; Abad, Maria J. F.; Rosas, Juan M. – Learning and Motivation, 2011
Four experiments explored the role of contexts in information retrieval after different levels of acquisition training in human predictive learning. Participants were trained where cue (X) was followed by an outcome in context A while a different cue (Y) was followed by the absence of the outcome in context B. When 4 training trials with each cue…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Organizations (Groups), Information Retrieval, Experiments
Dibbets, Pauline; Maes, Joseph H. R. – Learning and Motivation, 2011
The present human fear conditioning study examined whether the valence of an extinction cue has a differential effect on attenuating renewal that is induced by removal of the extinction context. Additionally, the study aimed to assess whether such attenuating effect is based on a modulatory or safety-signal role of the cue. In acquisition,…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Stimuli, Safety, Cues
Rosas, Juan M.; Paredes-Olay, Maria C.; Garcia-Gutierrez, Ana; Espinosa, Juan J.; Abad, Maria J. F. – Learning and Motivation, 2010
Three experiments were conducted to explore the effects of different interference treatments upon outcome-specific transfer from predictive learning to instrumental responding. A computer game was designed in which participants had to defend Andalusia from navy and air-force attacks. Participants learned the relationship between two instrumental…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Conditioning, Computers, Games
Reynolds, Gemma; Reed, Phil – Learning and Motivation, 2011
Stimulus over-selectivity refers to behavior being controlled by one element of the environment at the expense of other equally salient aspects of the environment. This is a common problem for many individuals, including those with autism spectrum disorders, and learning difficulties, and presents a considerable problem for information processing…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Cues, Autism, Discrimination Learning
Garcia-Retamero, Rocio; Muller, Stephanie M.; Catena, Andres; Maldonado, Antonio – Learning and Motivation, 2009
In two experiments, we investigated the relative impact of causal beliefs and empirical evidence on both decision making and causal judgments, and whether this relative impact could be altered by previous experience. 2. Selected groups of participants in both experiments received pre-training with either causal or neutral cues, or no pre-training…
Descriptors: Cues, Validity, Inferences, Decision Making
Cohen, Jerome; Mohamoud, Sirad; Szelest, Izabela; Kani, Tammy – Learning and Motivation, 2008
In the ordered RNR/RNN serial pattern task, rats often reduce their running speeds on trial 2 less within the RNR than within the RNN series. Initially, investigators (Capaldi, 1985; Capaldi et al., 1983) considered this trial 2 differential speed effect evidence for rats' anticipation of inter-trial outcomes within each series. Later findings,…
Descriptors: Cues, Generalization, Animals, Experiments
Whyte, Jacqueline T.; Martin, Gerard M.; Skinner, Darlene M. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
Behavioral data suggest that distinguishable orientations may be necessary for place learning even when distal cues define different start points in the room and a unique goal location. We examined whether changes in orientation are also important in place learning and navigation in a water T-maze. In Experiment 1, rats were trained to locate a…
Descriptors: Cues, Animals, Animal Behavior, Experiments
Burns, Richard A.; Racey, Deborah E.; Ratliff, Chasity L. – Learning and Motivation, 2008
Evidence that outcome associations, position associations, and response patterns each contribute to performance in animal serial learning came from two experiments in which three-trial series of rewarded and not-rewarded trials were examined. Response patterns were disrupted in Experiment 1 by placing animals directly in the goal on selected…
Descriptors: Animals, Cues, Serial Learning, Organizations (Groups)
Williams, Douglas A.; Chubala, Chrissy M.; Mather, Amber A.; Johns, Kenneth W. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
Appetitive contextual excitation supported by intertrial unconditioned stimuli was more easily overcome by timed conditioned responding in rats using quiet (Experiment 1) rather than noisy (Experiment 2) food pellet deliveries. Head-entry responding in acquisition peaked above the contextual baseline when pellet delivery occurred 10, 30, 60, or 90…
Descriptors: Cues, Intervals, Reaction Time, Food
Vadillo, Miguel A.; Orgaz, Cristina; Matute, Helena – Learning and Motivation, 2008
The present series of experiments explores the interaction between retroactive interference and cue competition in human contingency learning. The results of two experiments show that a cue that has been exposed to a cue competition treatment (overshadowing) loses part of its ability to retroactively interfere with responding to a different cue…
Descriptors: Cues, Competition, Interaction, Cognitive Development
Reed, Phil; Antonova, Marina – Learning and Motivation, 2007
The experiment was carried out to determine whether exposure to an uncontrollable relationship between an action and its outcome during a non-aversive pretreatment phase would affect subsequent ratings of perceived control emitted by human participants. Its other aim was to investigate the effect of such pre-exposure on the attentional focus of…
Descriptors: Cues, Reaction Time, Attention, Feedback
Santi, Angelo; Van Rooyen, Patrick – Learning and Motivation, 2007
Two groups of rats were trained in a symbolic delayed matching-to-sample task with a 0-s delay to discriminate sample stimuli that consisted of sequences of tone bursts. For one group, sequences varied in number with total sequence duration controlled. For the other group, total sequence duration, sum of the tone durations, and sum of the gap…
Descriptors: Cues, Intervals, Figurative Language, Diagnostic Tests
Redhead, Edward S.; Hamilton, Derek A. – Learning and Motivation, 2007
Three computer-based experiments which tested human participants in a non-immersive virtual watermaze task sought to determine factors which dictate whether the presence of a visual platform disrupts locale learning and taxon learning. In Experiment 1, the visible platform disrupted locale but not taxon learning based on viewpoint-independent and…
Descriptors: Geometric Concepts, Cues, Spatial Ability, Rote Learning
Chamizo, V. D.; Rodrigo, T. – Learning and Motivation, 2004
In two experiments rats were trained in a Morris pool to find a hidden platform in the presence of a single landmark. Circular black curtains surrounded the pool, with the single landmark inside this enclosure, so that no other room cues could provide additional information about the location of the platform. This landmark was hung from a false…
Descriptors: Proximity, Cues, Classical Conditioning, Animals
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