Although management has always been viewed as a subject from different perspectives, it is argued in this article that the developing emphasis in management theory on the political nature of organizational processes is radically different from earlier approaches. (Author/CT)

A sociohistorical approach identified differences in the way management is perceived and practiced in Britain and France. Two distinct managerial types--British gifted amateurs and French bright cadres--must be recognized to plan joint management development programs. (SK)