Valid proofs need not be in the traditional two-column format. This classroom activity allows students to explore, discuss, and use specialized facts to create a general statement of truth.

The transition to online learning has highlighted the pervasiveness of the digital divide as more than inequitable access to computers and internet (Hohlfeld et al. 2017). Even when students have laptops and physical connectivity, their participation depends on teachers who position them as mathematically competent (Berry 2018; Langer Osuna 2017)…

This task structure both engages students in serious, grade-level appropriate mathematical work and allows the teacher to do the intentional and purposeful work of building a collaborative classroom culture. We highlight possibilities for adapting this task structure to teach different mathematics content across grade levels 3-5.