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Davis, Brent – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2015
For centuries, the basic operations of school mathematics have been identified as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Notably, these operations are "basic," not because they are foundational to mathematics knowledge, but because they were vital to a newly industrialized and market-driven economy several hundred years…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Units of Study, Teaching Methods, Fundamental Concepts
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Ameis, Jerry A. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2011
When learning the order of operations, students are instructed to adhere to a directive when determining the numerical value of an arithmetic expression. A more typical approach is the use of a popular mnemonic called PEDMAS (parentheses, exponents, division, multiplication, addition, subtraction). The literature is scant on conceptual approaches…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Arithmetic, Mnemonics, Multiplication
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Johanning, Debra I. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2011
Estimation is more than a skill or an isolated topic. It is a thinking tool that needs to be emphasized during instruction so that students will learn to develop algorithmic procedures and meaning for fraction operations. For students to realize when fractions should be added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided, they need to develop a sense of…
Descriptors: Mathematics, Computation, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Education
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Rathouz, Margaret M. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2011
In the elementary grades, students learn procedures to compute the four arithmetic operations on multidigit whole numbers, often by being shown a series of steps and rules. In the middle grades, students are then expected to perform these same procedures, with further twists. The Reasoning and Proof Process Standard suggests that students need to…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mathematics Instruction, Multiplication, Mathematical Logic
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Dixon, Juli K.; Tobias, Jennifer M. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2013
What does it look like to "understand" operations with fractions? The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) uses the term "understand" when describing expectations for students' knowledge related to each of the fraction operations within grades 4 through 6 (CCSSI 2010). Furthermore, CCSSM elaborates that…
Descriptors: Computation, Arithmetic, Preservice Teacher Education, Preservice Teachers
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Tsankova, Jenny K.; Pjanic, Karmen – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2009
Teaching students how to multiply fractions is challenging, not so much from a computational point of view but from a conceptual one. The algorithm for multiplying fractions is much easier to learn than many other algorithms, such as subtraction with regrouping, long division, and certainly addition of fractions with unlike denominators. However,…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Multiplication, Arithmetic, Mathematical Logic
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Tent, Margaret W. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2006
This article discusses the role of the commutative, associative, distributive, and identity properties of addition and multiplication in preparing children for future success in algebra. (Contains 3 figures.)
Descriptors: Algebra, Multiplication, Mathematical Concepts, Arithmetic
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Nurnberger-Haag, Julie – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2007
This article describes a multisensory method for teaching students how to multiply and divide as well as add and subtract integers. The author uses sidewalk chalk and the underlying concept of integers to physically and mentally engage students in understanding the concepts of integers, making connections, and developing computational fluency.…
Descriptors: Computation, Special Needs Students, Teaching Methods, Mathematics Skills
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Azim, Diane – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2002
Describes teaching methods and student-created methods for conceptualizing multiplication with rational numbers. (YDS)
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mathematics Instruction, Middle Schools, Multiplication
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Berg, Rebecca – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2001
Explores the five multiplication techniques found in the 12th century Lilavati by Bhaskara, which appear again in the 1494 Summa by Pacioli. Includes a student worksheet. (KHR)
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Learning Strategies, Mathematics History, Mathematics Instruction