If teachers have a deeper comprehension of their students' reading ability, it may lead to students' improved literacy and understanding of the subject. The account presented in this article of the author's growing interest in mathematical literacy specifically involves mathematical reading. This shift in interest began with a six-week…

This article explores teaching practices described in NCTM's Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All. Student thinking, a learning cycle, and procedural fluency are discussed in this article, which is the second installment in the series. [For the first installment in this series see "Promoting a Conceptual Understanding…

This article explores three processes involved in attending to evidence of students' thinking, one of the Mathematics Teaching Practices found in "Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All." These processes, explored during a classroom activity on proportional relationships, are discussed in this article, another…

Ever try to captivate students with real-world applications only to discover that they live in a very different world? Assigning an Extreme Word Problem activity to students alleviates this dilemma by placing the authorship of a problem squarely into the hands of learners. Rather than trying to be hip and finding word problems that resonate with…

Geometric transformations have long been topics of middle school mathematics. Generations of middle school students have learned to reflect, rotate, and translate geometric objects. Historically, though, the mathematics of "movement" might have been considered a departure from other more central middle-grades geometric content areas,…

Empirical arguments rely on examples without necessarily addressing all cases. Students should be skeptical of empirical evidence and should seek more secure arguments for generalizations, such as those that explain why a generalization is true for all cases. Generalizing on the basis of patterns in data is an important mathematical practice;…

"Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All" (NCTM 2014) emphasizes eight teaching practices for effective mathematics teaching, one of which is to "use and connect multiple representations" (NCTM 2014, p. 24). An action that describes how teachers might promote this practice is to "allocate substantial…

Minecraft is an open world survival computer game that was originally created in Sweden in 2011 and later purchased by Microsoft® in 2014. It is among the most popular computer games with students of all ages because it gives players a sense of ownership and opportunities for creative exploration. The game has three unique features: (1) no clear…

A presentation on the Budapest Seminars in Mathematics Education website, inspired the author to try a new approach while teaching a unit on quadrilaterals in his Geometry for K-8 Teachers course, a class primarily composed of undergraduate students interested in teaching at the elementary or middle school level. The author designed a lesson that…

Science, engineering, and mathematics are fields that many students see as separate entities. But if these fields are combined with technology, they become STEM. This investigation provides a context and allows students to explore mathematics, science, and engineering within that context. It requires students to model with mathematics and find…

The traditional technique for converting repeating decimals to common fractions can be found in nearly every algebra textbook that has been published, as well as in many precalculus texts. However, students generally encounter repeating decimal numerals earlier than high school when they study rational numbers in prealgebra classes. Therefore, how…

A solid understanding of the structure and function of cells can help establish the foundation for learning advanced concepts in the biological sciences. The concept of the cell is introduced in middle school life science courses and is continued at the undergraduate level in college (NRC 2012; Reece et al. 2014). Cells are introduced to students…

This article describes a project in which students investigate the question: What dihedral angles between pairs of mirrors in a kaleidoscope result in perfectly symmetric images? The unit culminates with students building their own kaleidoscopes. This content aligns with parts of the Common Core's standards for fifth grade (classify…

"Mathematics is one of the greatest cultural and intellectual achievements of humankind, and citizens should develop an appreciation and understanding of that achievement, including its aesthetic and even recreational aspects" (NCTM 2000, p. 4). In addition to NCTM, many professional organizations such as the National Research Council…

Every day, 27,000 trees are used to make bathroom tissue. Americans use an average of 23.6 rolls per person per year, and more than 7 billion rolls of toilet paper are sold yearly in the United States alone. Perhaps the amount of bathroom tissue used can be reduced by changing the dimensions of the paper or the core. This brief article presents…