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Direct linkLarsen-Freeman, Diane – Modern Language Journal, 2019
Agency has attracted considerable attention, especially of late. Nevertheless, perceptions of language learners as nonagentive persist. In this article the Douglas Fir Group's call for a transdisciplinary perspective is heeded in a Complex Dynamic Systems Theory's (CDST) conceptualization of agency. It is suggested that CDST maintains the…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Ethics, Personal Autonomy, Interdisciplinary Approach
Ushioda, Ema – Modern Language Journal, 2017
In 2006, Graddol predicted that numbers of "English as a foreign language" learners would begin to decline through the second decade of this century, as global English achieves basic skill status for children entering education in more societies across the world. As he further noted, having skills in additional languages may thus offer a…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Attitudes, Learning Motivation
