Method effects often occur when constructs are measured by different methods. In traditional multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) models method effects are regarded as residuals, which implies a mean method effect of zero and no correlation between trait and method effects. Furthermore, in some recent MTMM models, traits are modeled to be specific to a…

The criteria for assessing convergent and discriminant validity proposed by D. T. Campbell and D. W. Fiske (1959) are shown to be inadequate for either the additive or multiplicative structures of data in a multitrait-multimethod matrix. Model-specific criteria are more promising for assessing convergent and discriminant validity. (Author/SLD)

Extensions of the confirmatory factor analysis approach to multitrait-multimethod data are demonstrated, and self-other agreement on multiple dimensions of self-concept are evaluated in 2 studies investigating the ability of significant others to infer multiple dimensions of self-concept for 151 Australian and 941 Canadian college students. (SLD)