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Studying Individual Differences in Predictability with Gamma Regression and Nonlinear Multilevel Models
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Culpepper, Steven Andrew – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2010
Statistical prediction remains an important tool for decisions in a variety of disciplines. An equally important issue is identifying factors that contribute to more or less accurate predictions. The time series literature includes well developed methods for studying predictability and volatility over time. This article develops…
Descriptors: Prediction, Individual Differences, Regression (Statistics), Computation
A Dual-Process Discrete-Time Survival Analysis Model: Application to the Gateway Drug Hypothesis
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Malone, Patrick S.; Lamis, Dorian A.; Masyn, Katherine E.; Northrup, Thomas F. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2010
The gateway drug model is a popular conceptualization of a progression most substance users are hypothesized to follow as they try different legal and illegal drugs. Most forms of the gateway hypothesis are that "softer" drugs lead to "harder," illicit drugs. However, the gateway hypothesis has been notably difficult to…
Descriptors: Drug Use, Models, Statistical Analysis, Computer Software
The Internal/External Frame of Reference Model Revisited: Incorporating General Cognitive Ability and General Academic Self-Concept
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Brunner, Martin; Ludtke, Oliver; Trautwein, Ulrich – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2008
The internal/external frame of reference model (I/E model; Marsh, 1986) is a highly influential model of self-concept formation, which predicts that domain-specific abilities have positive effects on academic self-concepts in the corresponding domain and negative effects across domains. Investigations of the I/E model do not typically incorporate…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Academic Aspiration, Concept Formation, Student Characteristics
Hierarchical vs. Non-Nested Test for Contrasting Expectancy-Valence Models: Some Effects of Cognitive Characteristics.
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Butler, John K.; Womer, Norman Keith – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1985
The study tests the appropriateness of multiplicative versus additive expectancy-valency models for grouping motivational force decisions of 82 undergraduate students. Arguments are offered favoring a non-nested regression models analysis over a traditional hierarchical analysis of nested regression models. Discriminant analysis indicated one of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Decision Making, Higher Education, Mathematical Models
Testing Predictive Developmental Hypotheses.
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Hoeksma, Jan B.; Knol, Dirk L. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 2001
Makes the case that hierarchical linear models or longitudinal multilevel models are a better alternative than standard regression models for empirical tests of predictive developmental hypotheses. Describes a multivariate longitudinal model linking developmental data to a criterion and presents an example from a study of the prediction of infant…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Case Studies, Development, Hypothesis Testing
General and Specific Abilities as Predictors of School Achievement.
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Gustafsson, Jan-Eric; Balke, Gudrun – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1993
Relations between aptitude variables and school achievement were investigated using a model of ability that permits simultaneous identification of general and specific abilities. Subjects were 866 Swedish students who were given aptitude tests in grade 6; results of that test were compared with course grades collected in grade 9. The usefulness of…
Descriptors: Ability, Ability Identification, Academic Achievement, Aptitude