Organizations learn when they embed new practices and values and make real changes. Organizational learning must address group tendencies toward helplessness and conformity. Individuals still bear responsibility for monitoring what is learned. (SK)

The lukasa, an African mnemonic device, illustrates the way in which individual meaning-making enables adults to interpret and shape organizational meaning-making. This may be limited by power abuses, lack of learning skills or developmental capacity, and the changing social contract. (SK)