The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the pre-requisite for and the efficacy of inquiry-based learning to improve academic performance in contrast to traditional lessons. Randomised studies with pre- and post-test design with control and treatment groups were filtered with a priori inclusion criteria and analysed in Review Manager…

The author of this paper argues "is mathematics indispensable and are pre-requisites needed in mathematics courses?" that the answer to one question is, "yes," and to the other, "no;" however, the response to the questions is inverted in this sentence. Such responses might surprise some people; but, the author shall argue that learning requires…