English communication skills are now considered a passport-like requirement for students seeking a secure profession with a higher wage. Additionally, English proficiency is considered one of the variables affecting the success of foreign businesses investing in Vietnam and Vietnamese businesses looking to collaborate internationally to develop…

Communicative multimedia is becoming a significant tool of improving metalinguistic knowledge (Lai, 2015, 2016). This research applied three basic examples of song, movie (Hung & Higginsb, 2015, 2016; King, 2002, 2010; Sanne, 1994, 2006; Tillmana, 1997, 2006) and game pedagogies (Tsai, 2017) for discussing cognitive consequences of Taiwanese…

This program was developed and implemented to increase adult ESOL students' chances to participate in conversations with each other, thereby increasing both their fluency and their confidence. Additionally, a target group with both low language levels and low confidence was separated from the higher achievers in order to decrease their…