One could argue that advance teacher training does not make a difference in student achievement. According to William Sanders, a Professor at the University of Tennessee, the single most dominate factor affecting student achievement gain is teachers advance training. African American students make up 17 percent of the public school population nationwide. Only six percent of the teachers nationally are African American. Nationally there are schools with no African American male representation as an academic teacher. Consequently, they are employed as custodians, security guards, and P.E. teachers. In retrospect, schools hire African American males as an assistant principal which is transparent for a keeper of being in charge of the African American male behavior problems. Coincidently, African American males benefited from Jim Crow laws, because many intelligent African Americans were denied corporate America, they were forced into education and ministry. In the present, many African Americans now choose corporate America over the education of the Black community.