The aim and objective of writing and presenting this review research article is to make general awareness (a basic understanding) among common citizens of India about the initiatives taken so far post-independence in the education sector. During the process of preparing this article, we have surveyed much literature published and cited contents from that literature that pertain to major education policies and programmes. We have very briefly discussed the success and challenges. The information is collected, collated, compiled, and presented in the introduction and other sections in a well-structured, descriptive, and analytical way that can be read and understood by any academics about the initiatives taken so far post-independence. The sources of information and data cited have been properly referenced.