Responding to Paul Chance's November 1992 "Kappan" article on motivational value of rewards, this article argues that manipulating student behavior with either punishments or rewards is unnecessary and counterproductive. Extrinsic rewards can never buy more than short-term compliance because they are inherently controlling and…

Americans tend to associate "vocational education" with narrow training for marginal students. After years of valuing abstract learning over applied academics, theorists are realizing many students learn better in applied settings. To reverse low productivity, raise living standards, and compete successfully in export market, we must…

Movement into high-technology Information Age demands a new kind of education and new, nonbehaviorist forms of school organization. Increasing social complexity requires schools to ensure that all students learn at high levels, construct their own knowledge, and fully develop their talents. This new model of unstandardized teaching and learning…