Student enrollment in online courses has nearly tripled over the last decade, with 72% of college students participating in at least one online course. There are many advantages to online education such as increased classroom diversity, the reduction of geographical limitations, and overall convenience. However, studies have shown students…

Automated corrective feedback (ACF), in which a computer system helps language learners identify and correct errors in their writing or speech, is considered an important tool for language instruction by many researchers. Such systems allow learners to correct their own mistakes, thereby reducing teacher workload and potentially preventing issues…

Assessment is a key component of education. Routine grading of students' work, however, is time consuming. Automating the grading process allows instructors to spend more of their time helping their students learn and engaging their students with more open-ended, creative activities. One way to automate grading is through computer-based…