Applied researchers faced with limited resources can utilize planned missing designs by incorporating missing data into their research design to collect more and higher quality data compared to a conventional experimental design. Two-method measurement planned missing designs (TMM-PMD) are a type of planned missing design whereby researchers…

Longitudinal data analysis assumes that scales meet the assumption of longitudinal measurement invariance (i.e., that scales function equivalently across measurement occasions). This simulation study examines the impact of violations to the assumption of longitudinal measurement invariance on growth models and whether modeling the invariance…