Instructional videos are becoming increasingly popular in both formal and informal learning environments. This study aimed to examine the effects of on-screen representation (text or multimedia visuals) and context of examples (context-same or context-different) on retention, transfer, and perceived learning. Results demonstrated that varying the…

The narrative of Christopher Columbus symbolizes core values that are a part of America's national identity. However, the brave adventurism of the Columbus tale only tells part of the story. Historians have brought to light records about Columbus that include violence and enslavement of the Taino people, the principal inhabitants of the Caribbean…