This study sought to understand how parental cultural competence (PCC) develops for transracial adoptive parents. PCC refers to the use of cultural socialization by parents for supporting the racial and ethnic identity development of their transracially-adopted children. PCC remains an under researched area within transracial adoption research despite the importance of PCC for predicting positive outcomes for transracially-adopted children. The current study tested the impact of personal multicultural experiences, perceived discrimination, post-adoption support, and social support as significant in the development of PCC using moderated mediation path-analysis of cross-sectional data. Results from this study (n = 201) found a mediated relationship between perceived discrimination and PCC by multicultural experiences. Types of perceived discrimination revealed only racism and discrimination based on transracial adoptive family status were associated with PCC. Sexism and homophobia were associated with a portion of PCC, specifically, racial awareness, but did not predict proactive cultural activities such as coping with racism and planning multicultural activities. One moderated relationship was significant with post-adoption support interacting with the relationships between multicultural experiences and parental cultural competence. The interaction showed when participants had high multicultural experiences, more post-adoption support reduced parental cultural competence. Implications of the results are discussed including issues in post-adoption support, clinical implications for family therapy, and the viability of the construct "cultural competence" in transracial adoption. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]