Philanthropy is love of humanity and a sincere action without anticipating anything in return for oneself and the community. In contrast, misanthropy is defined as not loving and hating people. The purpose of the current study is to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure in-service teachers' philanthropic tendencies. First of all, the…

Teaching pragmatics is crucial in the teaching of English as a foreign language (EFL) since it is one of the primary indications of successfully and appropriately communicating in a target language. To our knowledge, there are not many studies on teaching pragmatics and no thoroughly designed measurement tools to investigate the perspectives of…

Teacher-student relationships have been studied with increasing intensity during the past three decades, but the majority of this study has focused on young children and has relied on teacher perceptions of these relationships. The current study was designed to add to this growing body of research by exploring the factor structure, reliability,…

Examined the reliability of the Rucker-Gable Educational Programming Scale (RGEPS) in a study involving 200 college students and investigated whether the reduction in reliability was due to either content inequivalence or attribute instability. Findings suggested the scale is only moderately reliable, and that attribute instability contributed to…