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Clemens, Nathan H.; Hilt-Panahon, Alexandra; Shapiro, Edward S.; Yoon, Myeongsun – Reading Psychology, 2012
This study investigated four widely-used early literacy skills indicators in reflecting growth toward first-grade text reading skills. Examining the progress of 101 students across kindergarten and first grade, Letter Naming Fluency (LNF) and Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) were more accurate than Initial Sounds Fluency and Phoneme Segmentation…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Grade 1, Reading Instruction, Emergent Literacy