This study highlights the complex reading processes of two primary grade struggling readers. It provides a more complete picture of the readers' use of all parts of a text, verbal and visual, to construct meaning during reading. The oral reading data show that students used various linguistic strategies to read words, and the eye-tracking data…

Compares elementary cognitive processes (memory access, memory span, simultaneous and successive processing, and word reading) to spelling performance in average and reading-disabled children. Finds no classroom ability group differences in cognitive processing. Notes consistent differences in letter memory access and word reading by poorer…

Discusses case study of 14-year-old girl who had been diagnosed as poor reader and possibly dyslexic through screening tests. Observes that her performance indicates that her lack of reading proficiency may be attributed to carelessness and wrong anticipation of words. Offers possible reasons for this, and explores the question of whether she…

Shows that color blindness, whether partial or total, inhibits literacy acquisition. Offers a case study of a third grader with impaired color vision. Presents a review of literature on the topic. Notes that people with color vision deficits are often unaware of the handicap. (RS)

Describes a five-week intervention to improve reading comprehension of four college students, focusing on expert reading strategies, metacognitive awareness, and enhancing self-efficacy. Finds that all participants improved on the targeted reading strategies, made significant gains in reading comprehension, and reported high satisfaction with the…

Demonstrates how cognitive style can be a useful construct in understanding why some children learn to read easily while others do so with great difficulty. Overviews relevant findings from cognitive style research in areas related to both acquisition of word recognition skill and the development of comprehension processes. (MG)

Reviews investigation of word recognition and identification ability of learning disabled and average students. Disabled students' abilities did not differ from those of average students with matched reading level and IQ, but they made substantially more errors than average students matched by chronological age and IQ. (HTH)

Presents a study that compares the efficacy of the two formulas: Reading Comprehension = Decoding x Listening Comprehension, and Reading Comprehension = Decoding + Listening Comprehension. Presents a second study that explores whether adding another factor, speed of processing, to the "Simple View of Reading" formula improves its ability to…

Supports the contention that learning disability and remedial reading professionals provide a similar service and, lacking interdisciplinary coordination, are in danger of duplicating services. Indicates support for interdisciplinary training that would foster coordination. (FL)

Concludes that good comprehenders are far more likely to use lookbacks (rereadings) than are poor comprehenders and that training improves performance of both groups. (FL)

Contrasts the Initial Teaching Alphabet (ITA) with traditional orthography in classes for slow readers at the junior high school level. Reports that students using the ITA demonstrated statistically superior reading gains. (HOD)

Examines, in two experiments, the memory coding processes of readers during reading of connected text. Finds that, along with phonological coding, semantic processing contributes an important amount of variance to deficiencies in the reading of connected text. (RS)

Finds that children with learning disabilities performed significantly worse on only the first level of phonemic awareness compared to younger children of average reading ability at the same reading age level and significantly worse on compound phonemic awareness compared to a control group. Explicates implications for diagnosis and remediation of…

Examines the memory coding processes of skilled and less skilled readers during the reading of connected text. Finds that, along with phonological coding, semantic processing contributes an important amount of variance to deficiencies in the reading of connected text. (RS)

Examines how elementary students referred for compensatory remedial reading services performed on several key reading process variables: word recognition errors, meaning-changing errors, comprehension, and reading rate. Finds word recognition and comprehension variables approached instructional levels, and reading rate alone was significantly…