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Direct linkMichael Borenstein – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
In any meta-analysis, it is critically important to report the dispersion in effects as well as the mean effect. If an intervention has a moderate clinical impact "on average" we also need to know if the impact is moderate for all relevant populations, or if it varies from trivial in some to major in others. Or indeed, if the…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Error Patterns, Statistical Analysis, Intervention
Andrija Babic; Ognjen Barcot; Tomislav Viskovic; Frano Šaric; Aleksandar Kirkovski; Ivana Barun; Zvonimir Križanac; Roshan Arjun Ananda; Yuli Viviana Fuentes Barreiro; Narges Malih; Daiana Anne-Marie Dimcea; Josipa Ordulj; Ishanka Weerasekara; Matteo Spezia; Marija Franka Žuljevic; Jelena Šuto; Luca Tancredi; Andela Pijuk; Susanna Sammali; Veronica Iascone; Thilo Groote; Tina Poklepovic Pericic; Livia Puljak – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
Risk of bias (RoB) assessment is essential to the systematic review methodology. The new version of the Cochrane RoB tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was published in 2019 to address limitations identified since the first version of the tool was published in 2008 and to increase the reliability of assessments. This study analyzed the frequency…
Descriptors: Risk, Bias, Use Studies, Meta Analysis
Kansak Boonpattharatthiti; Garin Ruenin; Pun Kulwong; Jitsupa Lueawattanasakul; Chintra Saechao; Panitan Pitak; Deborah M. Caldwell; Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk; Teerapon Dhippayom – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
Psychological interventions are complex in nature and have been shown to benefit various clinical outcomes. Gaining insight into current practices would help identify specific aspects that need improvement to enhance the quality of network meta-analysis (NMA) in this field. This scoping review aimed to explore methodological approaches in the NMA…
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Meta Analysis, Mental Health, Intervention
Raju Kanukula; Joanne E. McKenzie; Lisa Bero; Zhaoli Dai; Sally McDonald; Cynthia M. Kroeger; Elizabeth Korevaar; Andrew Forbes; Matthew J. Page – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
We aimed to explore, in a sample of systematic reviews (SRs) with meta-analyses of the association between food/diet and health-related outcomes, whether systematic reviewers selectively included study effect estimates in meta-analyses when multiple effect estimates were available. We randomly selected SRs of food/diet and health-related outcomes…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Intervention, Comparative Analysis, Food
Nejstgaard, Camilla Hansen; Laursen, David Ruben Teindl; Lundh, Andreas; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
We investigated to which degree commercial funding is associated with estimated intervention effects in randomized trials. We included meta-epidemiological studies with published data on the association between commercial funding and results or conclusions of randomized trials. We searched five databases and other sources. We selected one result…
Descriptors: Private Financial Support, Intervention, Randomized Controlled Trials, Literature Reviews
Hamza, Tasnim; Chalkou, Konstantina; Pellegrini, Fabio; Kuhle, Jens; Benkert, Pascal; Lorscheider, Johannes; Zecca, Chiara; Iglesias-Urrutia, Cynthia P.; Manca, Andrea; Furukawa, Toshi A.; Cipriani, Andrea; Salanti, Georgia – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
In network meta-analysis (NMA), we synthesize all relevant evidence about health outcomes with competing treatments. The evidence may come from randomized clinical trials (RCT) or non-randomized studies (NRS) as individual participant data (IPD) or as aggregate data (AD). We present a suite of Bayesian NMA and network meta-regression (NMR) models…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Regression (Statistics), Outcomes of Treatment, Research Methodology
Graphical Tools for Visualizing the Results of Network Meta-Analysis of Multicomponent Interventions
Seitidis, Georgios; Tsokani, Sofia; Christogiannis, Christos; Kontouli, Katerina-Maria; Fyraridis, Alexandros; Nikolakopoulos, Stavros; Veroniki, Areti Angeliki; Mavridis, Dimitris – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Network meta-analysis (NMA) is an established method for assessing the comparative efficacy and safety of competing interventions. It is often the case that we deal with interventions that consist of multiple, possibly interacting, components. Examples of interventions' components include characteristics of the intervention, mode (face-to-face,…
Descriptors: Networks, Network Analysis, Meta Analysis, Intervention
Miriam Hattle; Joie Ensor; Katie Scandrett; Marienke van Middelkoop; Danielle A. van der Windt; Melanie A. Holden; Richard D. Riley – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis projects obtain, harmonise, and synthesise original data from multiple studies. Many IPD meta-analyses of randomised trials are initiated to identify treatment effect modifiers at the individual level, thus requiring statistical modelling of interactions between treatment effect and participant-level…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Randomized Controlled Trials, Outcomes of Treatment, Evaluation Methods
Alqaidoom, Zainab; Nguyen, Phi-Yen; Awadh, Maryam; Page, Matthew J. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Systematic reviewers are advised to search trials registers to minimise risk of reporting biases. However, there has been little research on the impact of searching trials registers on the results of meta-analyses. We aimed to evaluate the impact of searching clinical trials registers for systematic reviews of pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Medical Research, Drug Therapy, Pharmacology
Petersen, Julie M.; Barrett, Malcolm; Ahrens, Katherine A.; Murray, Eleanor J.; Bryant, Allison S.; Hogue, Carol J.; Mumford, Sunni L.; Gadupudi, Salini; Fox, Matthew P.; Trinquart, Ludovic – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential for drawing conclusions regarding etiologic associations between exposures or interventions and health outcomes. Observational studies comprise a substantive source of the evidence base. One major threat to their validity is residual confounding, which may occur when component studies adjust for…
Descriptors: Bias, Meta Analysis, Etiology, Intervention
Qi, Xinyue; Zhou, Shouhao; Wang, Yucai; Peterson, Christine – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Meta-analysis allows researchers to combine evidence from multiple studies, making it a powerful tool for synthesizing information on the safety profiles of new medical interventions. There is a critical need to identify subgroups at high risk of experiencing treatment-related toxicities. However, this remains quite challenging from a statistical…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Identification, Meta Analysis, Data Analysis
Nikolakopoulou, Adriani; Mavridis, Dimitris; Chiocchia, Virginia; Papakonstantinou, Theodoros; Furukawa, Toshi A.; Salanti, Georgia – Research Synthesis Methods, 2021
Background: Network meta-analysis (NMA) produces complex outputs as many comparisons between interventions are of interest. The estimated relative treatment effects are usually displayed in a forest plot or in a league table and several ranking metrics are calculated and presented. Methods: In this article, we estimate relative treatment effects…
Descriptors: Networks, Meta Analysis, Intervention, Evaluation Methods
Nejstgaard, Camilla Hansen; Lundh, Andreas; Abdi, Suhayb; Clayton, Gemma; Gelle, Mustafe Hassan Adan; Laursen, David Ruben Teindl; Olorisade, Babatunde Kazeem; Savovic, Jelena; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Randomised trials are often funded by commercial companies and methodological studies support a widely held suspicion that commercial funding may influence trial results and conclusions. However, these studies often have a risk of confounding and reporting bias. The risk of confounding is markedly reduced in meta-epidemiological studies that…
Descriptors: Medical Research, Randomized Controlled Trials, Corporations, Financial Support
Senior, Alistair M.; Viechtbauer, Wolfgang; Nakagawa, Shinichi – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
Meta-analyses are often used to estimate the relative average values of a quantitative outcome in two groups (eg, control and experimental groups). However, they may also examine the relative variability (variance) of those groups. For such comparisons, two relatively new effect size statistics, the log-transformed "variability ratio"…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Effect Size, Research Design, Simulation
Cope, Shannon; Chan, Keith; Jansen, Jeroen P. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
Background: Network meta-analysis (NMA) of survival data with a multidimensional treatment effect has been introduced as an alternative to NMA based on the proportional hazards assumption. However, these flexible models have some limitations, such as the use of an approximate likelihood based on discrete hazards, rather than a likelihood for…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Meta Analysis, Network Analysis, Models
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