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Direct linkHong, Quan Nha; Bangpan, Mukdarut; Stansfield, Claire; Kneale, Dylan; O'Mara-Eves, Alison; Grootel, Leonie; Thomas, James – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Reviewing complex interventions is challenging because they include many elements that can interact dynamically in a nonlinear manner. A systems perspective offers a way of thinking to help understand complex issues, but its application in evidence synthesis is not established. The aim of this project was to understand how and why systems…
Descriptors: Intervention, Systems Approach, Evidence, Synthesis
Petersen, Julie M.; Barrett, Malcolm; Ahrens, Katherine A.; Murray, Eleanor J.; Bryant, Allison S.; Hogue, Carol J.; Mumford, Sunni L.; Gadupudi, Salini; Fox, Matthew P.; Trinquart, Ludovic – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential for drawing conclusions regarding etiologic associations between exposures or interventions and health outcomes. Observational studies comprise a substantive source of the evidence base. One major threat to their validity is residual confounding, which may occur when component studies adjust for…
Descriptors: Bias, Meta Analysis, Etiology, Intervention
Calonge, Ned; Shekelle, Paul G.; Owens, Douglas K.; Teutsch, Steven; Downey, Autumn; Brown, Lisa; Noyes, Jane – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Despite research investment and a growing body of diverse evidence there has been no comprehensive review and grading of evidence for public health emergency preparedness and response practices comparable to those in medicine and other public health fields. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened an ad hoc committee…
Descriptors: Evidence, Synthesis, Mixed Methods Research, Public Health
Nikolakopoulos, Stavros – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
In narrative synthesis of evidence, it can be the case that the only quantitative measures available concerning the efficacy of an intervention is the direction of the effect, that is, whether it is positive or negative. In such situations, the sign test has been proposed in the literature and in recent Cochrane guidelines as a way to test whether…
Descriptors: Synthesis, Evidence, Statistical Analysis, Nonparametric Statistics
