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Cipani, Ennio; Spooner, Fred – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1997
Identifies four treatment techniques that may be applied when problem behavior is maintained by negative reinforcement: (1) functional communication training; (2) behavioral momentum; (3) differential reinforcement or an alternative escape behavior; and (4) errorless learning. Each of the techniques is defined, and applications and guidelines for…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Children

Pfadt, Al – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1991
This article describes how a social systems approach to psychopathology can be applied to treatment goals in group psychotherapy with mentally retarded individuals. Treatment models blending behavioral and psychodynamic interventions are covered. Suggestions for maintaining cost-effective linkages between mental health and mental retardation…
Descriptors: Adults, Agency Cooperation, Behavior Modification, Cost Effectiveness