High-quality after-school programs devoted to science have the potential to enhance students' science knowledge and attitudes, which may impact their decisions about pursuing science-related careers. Because of the unique nature of these informal learning environments, an understanding of the relationships among aspects of students' content…

Examines learning from texts with embedded monitoring (questions) and regulating (prescriptive feedback) features relative to pretest, posttest, and retention science achievement; time-on-tasks; and efficiency (learning or retention gains per time-on-task). (Author/CCM)

Two sections of middle school science were taught by two longtime teachers where one used an STS approach and the other followed the more typical textbook approach closely. Pre- and post assessments were administered to one section of students for each teacher. The testing focused on student concept mastery, general science achievement, concept…