Economic growth will be constrained by supplies of energy and raw materials. Natural resource ownership is shifting toward nationalization rather than foreign ownership. Energy prices and environmental awareness are forcing reevaluation of extracting and processing techniques. These developments will affect the industrial and social character of…

The supply of materials in a technological society depends not so much on the resource base as on the interrelationship of human institutions. Material usage requires agencies of exploration, development, supply, and financing regulated and assisted by government, educational, and scientific institutions. A balance among institutions insures…