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Direct linkZangori, Laura; Forbes, Cory T. – Science Education, 2014
Elementary science standards emphasize that students should develop conceptual understanding of the characteristics and life cycles of plants (National Research Council, 2012), yet few studies have focused on early learners' reasoning about seed structure and function. The purpose of this study is twofold: to (a) examine third-grade…
Descriptors: Elementary School Science, Elementary School Students, Grade 3, Plants (Botany)
Peer reviewedLowell, Walter E. – Science Education, 1977
Presented is a theoretical, hierarchical model of abstraction designed to provide a systematic theoretical framework for future research into abstract learning. A test of the model with 149 subjects supported the assumption that the hierarchical model of abstraction is valid. (SL)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Tests, Comprehension
Peer reviewedNovak, Joseph D. – Science Education, 1977
Cites research findings to refute Piaget's contention of stages of cognitive development. Advocates continuous cognitive differentiation as a model. (CP)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Developmental Psychology
