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Styles of Scientific Reasoning: A Cultural Rationale for Science Education?
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Kind, Per; Osborne, Jonathan – Science Education, 2017
In this paper, we contend that what to teach about scientific reasoning has been bedeviled by a lack of clarity about the construct. Drawing on the insights emerging from a cognitive history of science, we argue for a conception of scientific reasoning based on six "styles of scientific reasoning." Each "style" requires its own…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Teaching Methods, Thinking Skills, Epistemology
The Effects of Modeling-Based Pedagogy on Conceptual Understanding, Scientific Reasoning Skills, and Attitudes towards Science of English Learners
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Malone, Kathy L. – Science Education, 2023
The use of scientific modeling has been shown to be highly effective in the learning of science content in multiple disciplines for non-English Learners (EL). However, the benefits of using this pedagogy with ELs have not been heavily explored. This article discusses the use of modeling-based evolution and population ecology pedagogical units in a…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Science Instruction, Inquiry, Biology
Creating Opportunities for Students to Show What They Know: The Role of Scaffolding in Assessment Tasks
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Kang, Hosun; Thompson, Jessica; Windschitl, Mark – Science Education, 2014
This study examines the ways in which teachers provide students with written scaffolds in assessment tasks and the impact of these on students' abilities to demonstrate a core disciplinary proficiency--constructing evidence-based explanations. Data include 76 assessment tasks designed by 33 science teachers and 707 samples of student work. We…
Descriptors: Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Science Instruction, Science Teachers, Student Evaluation
Alignment between the Physics Content Standard and the Standardized Test: A Comparison among the United States-New York State, Singapore, and China-Jiangsu
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Liu, Xiufeng; Zhang, Baohui; Liang, Ling L.; Fulmer, Gavin; Kim, Beaumie; Yuan, Haiquan – Science Education, 2009
Alignment between content standards and standardized tests is a significant issue to society, science pedagogy, and test validation. To better understand the issues related to alignment, this study compares the alignment in physics among three education systems: Jiangsu (China), New York State (United States), and Singapore. The same coding…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Academic Standards, Physics, Foreign Countries
Point and Set Reasoning in Practical Science Measurement by Entering University Freshmen.
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Lubben, Fred; Buffler, Andy; Campbell, Bob; Allie, Saalih – Science Education, 2001
Investigates procedural understanding of university students at the freshman level, prior to instruction, in the context of experimental work in physics. Proposes two types of reasoning used by students in the laboratory. Indicates a high degree of consistency of these modes of reasoning across experimental phases of data collection and…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, College Students, Higher Education, Laboratory Experiments
A Study of the Logical Thinking Skills and Integrated Process Skills of Junior High School Students in North Carolina and Japan.
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Matheis, F. E.; And Others – Science Education, 1992
Examined and compared the logical thinking skills and science process skills of junior high school students in North Carolina (n=3,291) and Japan (n=4,397) by grade and by gender. Results indicated that Japanese students in grades seven, eight, and nine performed significantly better than North Carolina students in both areas. (MDH)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Foreign Countries, Junior High School Students, Junior High Schools