Based on Fromm's proposed personality theory of the productive and nonproductive use of four character types, studied the productive facet of the four life-style orientations. Analyses of the data from surveys of life and interpersonal relations orientations supported the four orientations suggested by Fromm's theory. (RC)

Discrepancies between the implicit personality theory attributed to others and to oneself were examined among 20 subjects for eight lists of trait words. Findings showed that within subject congruency in self-other descriptions exceeded agreement between subjects, and that subjects tended to be consistently congruent or incongruent for all traits.…

Presented potential areas of social interaction to college students (N=420) to judge their likelihood of desired interaction with argumentative or nonargumentative person. Found preference for association with nonargumentative person in situations low in conflict and nonaggressive. Males and females responded in similar fashion in reporting…

Tests of the mediational function of self-disclosure indicated a positive relationship between the target's level of self-disclosure and the "meaningfulness" rating based on each subject's psychological characteristics. (Author)

Provides brief historical account of three stages in development of theoretical framework which has guided research on defensive effects of motives on person perception, then proposes revised interactive model as fourth stage of conceptualization. New model suggests that defensive effects of motives on person perception are most likely to occur in…

Wingrove Cottage Community Clinic developed a test using two standard personality questionnaires. Results of these studies, comparing the four profiles obtained, provide strong evidence for existence of an internalised, socially constructed and cognitively-prejudicing 'ideal' personality profile which significantly influences both the…

Examined the effects of sex and Machiavellianism on self-disclosure patterns in 166 students who completed a questionnaire assessing several dimensions of friendship relations. As hypothesized, a significant sex-Machiavellian interaction was observed, suggesting that self-disclosure may be a manipulation strategy for females. (JAC)

Androgynous husbands used fewer last-resort, dependency and authoritative, and more give-up means of influence. Androgynous wives tended to use significantly less give-up, accommodative, dependency and authoritative means. Different sex-role types will differ in the use of means of influence. (Author)

Female alcohol and drug addicts (N=86) entering treatment took the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Women affirming the item "I believe women ought to have as much sexual freedom as men" were younger, had better visuospatial reasoning skills, and scored less pathologically on MMPI measures of depression, neurotic…

Other-directed (interpersonally sensitive) or inner-directed (interpersonally less sensitive) students (N=80) observed a videotape of a person acting in either a role-consonant or a role-deviant manner. As expected, there was significantly less variance among the ratings when other-directed observers viewed role-deviant behavior than in the other…

Results indicate a positive relationship between talking rate and leadership choice. People show the greatest liking for those with moderate levels of talking. (Author/BEF)

Hypothesized that high self-preoccupation (SP) subjects would perceive negative feedback as more negative and positive feedback as more positive than low SP persons. Results indicated high SP persons distorted all feedback; subjects who received negative feedback first showed higher evaluation to both positive and negative feedback. (Author/RC)

The obese face severe discriminatory reactions, leading to low rates of prosocial intervention and devaluation of ability and potential. It is no surprise that the obese adopt negative self-images. Further research should explore how body build influences hiring, job advancement, salary, jury deliberations, and college admissions. (Author)