Discrepancies between the implicit personality theory attributed to others and to oneself were examined among 20 subjects for eight lists of trait words. Findings showed that within subject congruency in self-other descriptions exceeded agreement between subjects, and that subjects tended to be consistently congruent or incongruent for all traits.…

Three experiments explored the effects of variation in room illumination and in seating distance between members of a small group on moods, evaluations, attraction, and opinion expression. The results indicate that interaction distance is not per se a very powerful variable. (Author)

Subjects differing in cognitive complexity formed impressions from either (1) three positive and three negative experimenter-selected traits; (2) three traits of each evaluation generated by the subject in a preliminary session; or (3) three experimenter-selected traits of one valence and three subject-generated traits of the opposite valence.…

A sample of 72 Ss, of whom half were cognitively complex and half cognitively simple, made predictions about unknown relations in four-person social structures. Structures differed in the number of relations given. Cognitively simple Ss tended to make predictions based on consideration of fewer relations in the social structure. (Author)

A study of desire for, frequency of, and attitudes towards extramarital involvement (EMI) was conducted, using 100 male and female college students ranging in age from 19 to 55. Predictive factors other than desire, frequency, and attitude were number of marriages, and the social desirability scale. (Author)

Two experiments are reported: one in which presentation of external information about a stranger evoked significantly higher attraction ratings than available psychological information; and a second where similarity of Subject and Other on external characteristics had greater effects upon attraction scores than did similarity of psychological…

Males (N=54) and 46 females who scored high or low on a sensation seeking scale were exposed to slides of physically attractive or unattractive person stimuli. High sensation seekers both liked and expected to recognize the physically attractive persons in the future more than the physically unattractive persons. (Author)

Examines the effect on a recipient of another's effort to provide help. Two variables, locus of responsibility for initiating a help attempt and type of outcome resulting from the help attempt, were manipulated in a three x two factorial design. Results indicated that the Requested help condition yielded the strongest obligation to help others.…

Videotapes were made of male actors playing the roles of interviewers and job applicants in an interview for the position of research assistant. Behaviors of interviewers can influence perceptions of job applicants as well as perceptions of interviewers. Presented at the Western Psychological Association, Anaheim, California, 1973. (Author)

College-age subjects (N=26) were given a spelling test during which approximately half could ask for help from a child, the rest from a same-aged adult. Though both helpers were presented as equally competent spellers, subjects asked for help less frequently from the child than from the adult. (Author)

The relative power of cooperative and trusting patterns of behavior versus those of exploitation and distrust in affecting the results of group decision-making processes was investigated. The outcome of a study using the Prisoner's Dilemma Game seems to suggest the disproportionate influence of competitive people in these settings. (Author)

It was predicted that the amount of satisfaction following an interpersonal exchange will be higher when the resource given is similar to the one reciprocated and lower when they are dissimilar. Interpersonal exchange situations were experimentally created in which two independent variables were manipulated. (Author)

Ethnic preferences of black and white college students were measured using subjects' ratings of employment applications of either Afro-Americans, Asian-Americans, or Whites. The data revealed that whites preferred white applicants and blacks preferred black applicants across all categories. (Author)

This study uses the concept of congruence-incongruence as a predictor of interpersonal distance for each of four different social stimuli: (1) a same-sex friend, (2) a girl that they wanted to meet, (3) an ex-mental patient and (4) a professor whose course they had failed. (Author)

Tenth and twelfth grade males and females who knew each other judged, within grade levels, their classmates on physical attractiveness (PA), perceived attitude similarity (PAS), and interpersonal attraction (IA). Regression analyses supported the hypotheses that PA and PAS are positively correlated. (Author)