Through several decades of research, a great deal has been written about trends in black-white test scores and the factors that may explain the gaps in different subject areas. Only a few studies have examined the changing relationships between gaps in students' test scores and family and school measures in nationally representative data over…

Compares the impact of the educational aspirations of parents, teachers, close relatives, and peers on student education expectations across various racial groups. Finds that levels of significant other aspirations and the effects of these aspirations vary by student racial status and type of significant others. (CAJ)

Maintains that, among black and white men born between 1907 and 1946, family background accounts for at least half the variance in educational attainment. Reports on a study of 14,711 males to determine the educational attainments of men and their brothers among blacks and whites across time. (CFR)