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Smith, Nick L. – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1981
An evaluation design is seen to ensure the presence of certain qualities in an evaluation; values and valued qualities permeate the evaluation design. Mechanisms for evaluations (in-process reviews, follow-up studies, etc.) are dealt with and familiarity with financial, managerial, and ethical procedures are stressed in the evaluation design. (CE)
Descriptors: Educational Assessment, Evaluation, Evaluation Methods, Evaluative Thinking

Smith, Nick L. – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1980
Political groups, social movements, and organizational influences are sources of values which influence an evaluation study. Value positions can help define and delineate an evaluation problem but, if the values influencing the results are not explicit, the evaluative research may be viewed as something other than it actually is. (BW)
Descriptors: Bias, Organizational Objectives, Political Influences, Program Evaluation

Paulston, Rolland G. – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1980
The emergence of subjective and critical approaches to the evaluation of educational reform is examined. The need to identify and clarify values and to develop comparative and dialectical evaluation models and approaches are discussed. (RL)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Educational Assessment, Educational Change, Evaluation Methods

Beem, A. L.; Brugman, D. – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1984
This article summarizes a research project on values development in Dutch students, grades four through eight. The research investigated: (1) the relationship between teacher and pupil verbal behavior during values development lessons; (2) what verbal behavior is important to pupil outcomes; and (3) the effects of values development lessons on…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Evaluation Methods, Intermediate Grades, Junior High Schools

Beem, A. L.; Brugman, D. – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1985
Lessons in values development were observed in classes of Dutch students, aged 10-15. A 22-item observation instrument was used to record the amount of classroom time spent on a particular category. Factors which affected students' behavior included nondirective versus directive teaching behavior and certain questioning techniques. (GDC)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Classroom Observation Techniques, Elementary Secondary Education, Factor Structure