Purpose: Creativity is not always encouraged in graduate education. It is established that PhD students need to think critically, but the emotional hurdles doctoral students face can sometimes outweigh the cognitive ones. In the authors' work with doctoral students, the authors aimed to connect the emotional with the intellectual -- the affective…

Purpose: This study aims to examine entry-level PhD students' experiences with participating in Critical Friends, a peer review protocol, used to support learning the threshold concept of literature review. It also sought to determine if, and how, students used the peer review protocol electively during their first year of doctoral study.…